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4 SEMESTER IB SPRING 2014

IB0016/IB0019— GLOBAL LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY

CHAIN MANAGEMENT

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ASSIGNMENT

 

 

DRIVE WINETR SPRING 2014
PROGRAM MBADS (SEM 4/SEM 6) MBAFLEX/ MBAN2 (SEM 4)PGDIB (SEM 2)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME IB0016/IB0019— GLOBAL LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
SEMESTER 4
BK ID B1661
CREDITS 4
MARKS 60

 

 

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

 

1  Write short notes on:

v  Logistical packaging

Answer : Concept of Logistical Packaging

Logistical Packaging is the science, art and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. It also refers to the process of design, evaluation, and production of packages. As explained

 

 

 

v  Global supply chain collaboration

 

Answer : Supply Collaboration reduces supply chain variability by sharing demand and supply forecast with customers and suppliers across multiple tiers.

 

Key Features:

  • Ability to share forecasts and confirm capacity with suppliers and customers
  • Complex, multi-tier

 

 

v  Free trade zones

Answer : A free trade zone is a designated area that eliminates traditional trade barriers, such as tariffs, and minimizes bureaucratic regulations. The goal of a free trade zone is to enhance global market presence by attracting new

 

 

 

v  Shipbuilding

Answer : Shipbuilding is the construction of ships and floating vessels. It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a shipyard. Shipbuilders, also called shipwrights, follow a specialized occupation that traces its roots to before recorded history.

Shipbuilding and ship repairs, both commercial and military, are referred to as “naval engineering”. The construction of boats is a similar activity called boat building.

The dismantling of ships is called ship breaking.

 

2  Explain the concept of charter arrangement.

 

Answer : A charter party is the contract between the owner of a vessel and the charterer for the use of a vessel. The charterer takes over the vessel for either a certain amount of time (a time charter) or for a certain point-to-point voyage (a voyage charter), giving rise to these two main types of charter agreement. There is a subtype of time charter called the demise or bareboat charter.

 

In a time charter, the vessel is hired for a specific amount of time. The owner still manages the vessel but the charterer gives orders for the employment of the vessel, and may sub-charter the vessel on a time charter or voyage charter basis.

 

 

3  Write short notes on:

v  Interaction between shippers and conference

Answer : The most common way for a conference, or carrier, to bind shippers is through use of a service contract. In the United States trades various reports indicate over ninety percent of all general cargoes move under service contract. In some markets (although not those involving U.S. ports) a system of deferred rebates is used with the shipper always having money due him on deposit with the conference.

 

 

 

v  Air cargo documentation

 

Answer : The most important document in air cargo transportation is the transportation contract, or air waybill (AWB). A cargo agent or airline draws up the contract by issuing an air waybill, the form of which is approved by the International Air Transport Association (IATA). Instructions given by the shipper, and air transportation

 

 

v  Container railway in India

Answer : Indian Railway’s strategic initiative to containerize cargo transport put India on the intermodal freight transport map for the first time in 1966. Given India’s size (almost 3,000 kilometres (1,900 mi) from North to South and East to West), rail transport is often a cheaper option for all cargo over medium and long distances, especially if the cost of inter-modal transfers can be reduced. Seeing that containerized

 

 

 

v  Freight forwarders

Answer : A freight forwarder, forwarder, or forwarding agent, also known as a non-vessel operating common carrier (NVOCC), is a person or company that organizes shipments for individuals or corporations to get goods from the manufacturer or producer to a market, customer or final point of distribution.[1] Forwarders contract with a carrier to move the goods. A forwarder does not move the goods but acts as an expert in supply

 

 

4  What is payment? Explain the different methods of payment

Answer : Different Modes or Types of Payment ↓

 

The payment can be made in many different ways like by giving Cash, doing Telegraphic Transfer or Mail Transfer, via Money Order or Postal Order, Bill of Exchange, Promissory Note, Cheque, Bank Draft, etc.

 

5  List and explain some of the important documents that are used in international logistics.

Answer : The important documents that are used in international logistic are described below :

 

1. Air waybill (AWB):

 

A document that accompanies goods shipped by an international courier to provide detailed information about the shipment and allow it to be tracked. The bill contains the shipper’s name and address, consignee’s name and address, three letter origin airport code, three letter destination airport code, declared shipment value for customs, number of pieces, gross weight, a description of the goods and any special instructions .

 

 

 

6  What is transaction channel? Explain in detail the two important aspects of transaction channel.

 

Answer : The transactional approach is based on the four traditional elements of marketing, sometimes referred to as the four P’s:

 

Product — Creating a product that meets consumer needs.

Pricing — Establishing a product price

 

 

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IB0018 — Export-Import Finance

 

 

 

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ASSIGNMENT

 

 

DRIVE WINETR SPRING 2014
PROGRAM MBADS (SEM 4/SEM 6) MBAFLEX/ MBAN2 (SEM 4)PGDIB (SEM 2)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME IB0018 — Export-Import Finance
SEMESTER 4
BK ID B1910
CREDITS 4
MARKS 60

 

 

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

 

1 .Discuss the role of EXIM bank in promoting foreign trade.

Answer : Exim Bank’s role in promoting international trade

 

Export-Import Bank of India (Exim Bonk, In short) is a wholly cerement-owned financial institution, set up for the purpose of financing, facilitating and promoting Indian’s ‘foreign trade. Exim Bank plays a four-pronged role with ‘regard to India’s foreign trade: those of a coordinator, a source of finance, consultant and promoter.

 

Exim Bank offers a diverse range of financing services for the Indian exporter, including a variety of Export Credit Facilities and Finance for Export

 

2  What is the need for export finance in India? Write a short note on export financing facilities in India.

Answer : Need for export finance in India

Trade Finance is a specific topic within the financial services industry. It’s much different, for example, than commercial lending, mortgage lending or insurance. A product is sold and shipped overseas, therefore, it takes longer to get paid. Extra time and energy is required to make sure that buyers are reliable and creditworthy. Also, foreign buyers — just like domestic buyers — prefer to delay payment until they receive and resell the goods. Due

 

 

 

3. Advance Against Export Bills Sent on Collection Basis

Bills can only be sent on collection basis, if the bills drawn under LC have some discrepancies. Sometimes exporter requests the bill to be sent on the collection basis, anticipating the strengthening of foreign currency.

Banks may allow advance against these collection bills to an exporter with a concessional rates of interest depending upon the transit period in case of DP Bills and transit period plus usance period in case of usance bill.

 

4  Write short notes on:

 

a) Export credit guarantee corporation

Answer : Export Credit Guarantee Corporation is a central government undertaking body to provide credit guarantee on the default of payments by the buyer. It works as an insurance firm who guarantees export payment, if the buyer defaults in making payment.

 

Procedures with ECGC to cover insurance:

Once after finalizing the order, the buyer execute a purchase order to the seller with the terms and conditions as agreed by both. The purchase order should contain full details of buyer and buyer’s bank account details. The exporter approaches Export Guarantee Corporation to get approval on the buyer with amount of limit. Here, the ECGC

 

 

b Foreign exchange risk

Answer : Foreign exchange risk is the risk to the value of one’s assets when it is valued in another currency. The exchange rate of a currency to another may be volatile. It is this change in value of the currency that gives rise to foreign exchange risk. A depreciation in the currency in which your assets are denominated will result in a lower

 

 

 

5  Discuss the payment options available to exporter and importer.

Answer : Consignment Purchase

Consignment purchase terms can be the most beneficial method of payment for the importer. In this method of purchase, importer makes the payment only once the goods or imported items are sold to the end user. In case of no selling, the same item is returned to the foreign supplier. Consignment purchase is considered the most risky and time taking method of payment for the exporter.

 

 

 

6  What is custom duty? Discuss its types.

Answer : n economics, a duty is a kind of tax, often associated with customs, levied by a state. The term is often used to describe a tax on certain items purchased abroad.Properly, a duty differs from a tax in being levied on specific commodities, financial transactions, estates, etc., and not on individuals. Duties may be import duties, excise duties, stamp duties, death or succession duties, etc.; but income tax levied on a

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IB0017 —International Business Environment and

International Law

 

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ASSIGNMENT

 

 

DRIVE WINETR SPRING 2014
PROGRAM MBADS (SEM 4/SEM 6)MBAFLEX/ MBAN2 (SEM 4)PGDIB (SEM 2)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME IB0017 —International Business Environment and International Law
SEMESTER 4
BK ID B1414
CREDITS 4
MARKS 60

 

 

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

 

1 Explain PEST analysis. How is it used in international business?

 

Answer : The PEST analysis is a useful tool for understanding market growth or decline, and as such the position, potential and direction for a business. A PEST analysis is a business measurement tool. PEST is an acronym for Political, Economic, Social and Technological factors, which are used to assess the market for a business or organizational unit. The PEST analysis headings are a framework for reviewing a situation, and can also, like SWOT analysis, and Porter’s Five Forces model, be used to review a strategy or position, direction of a

 

 

2 Explain the various incoterms involved in international contract.

Answer : International trade contracts and Incoterms

Different countries have different business cultures and languages. It’s a good idea to make sure you have a clear written contract to minimise the risk of misunderstandings.

 

The contract should set out where the goods are being delivered. It should cover who is responsible for every stage of the journey, including customs clearance, and what insurance is required. It should also make it clear who pays for each different cost.

 

 

3 Discuss the general principles of the Law of Contract. What is an agreement?

 

Answer : Contract: An agreement between two or more parties to perform or to refrain from some act now or in the future. A legally enforceable agreement.

 

Requisites for Contract Formation (Elements)

 

  • Agreement: One party must offer to enter into an agreement, and the other party must accept the terms of the offer

–     Consideration: Something of value received or promised, to convince a party to agree to the deal;

  • Contractual Capacity/

 

4 Write short notes on:

 

a) Letter of credit

 

Answer : A letter of credit is a promise to pay. Banks issue letters of credit as a way to ensure sellers (and sometimes even buyers) that they will get paid as long as they do what they’ve agreed to do.

 

Letters of credit are common in international trade, but they are also used in domestic transactions. Either way, a bank acts as an uninterested party between buyer and seller and guarantees that a payment will be made if certain conditions are met.

 

The concept of a letter of credit can be

 

 

b) Export financing

Answer : Export finance refers to financial assistance extended by banks and other financial institutions to businesses for the shipping of products outside a country or region. Export financing enables MSMEs to expand its reach to a global audience.

 

 

An exporter should first gain understanding of some documents commonly required by export finance institutions. These documents are mandatory requirements for most types of export finance assistance.

 

 

5 Discuss the rights of an unpaid seller. What are the remedies available to the buyer against seller for breach of contract?

Answer : Broadly speaking, rights of an unpaid seller may be divided under two heads:

 

1. Right against the goods.

 

2. Right against the buyer personally.

 

I. Rights of unpaid seller against the goods

 

(a) When property in the goods has passed :

 

1. Right of Lien (Sees. 47 to 49):

 

 

6 What are the modes of settlement of disputes in international business? Discuss.

 

Answer : Chapter VI of the UN Charter lists the following methods of peaceful settlement of disputes: negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, resort to regional agencies or arrangements, or other peaceful means of their own choice.

 

Litigation and arbitration are both considered to be judicial as opposed to political means of settlement because their results are both legally binding. The terms of arbitration are agreed on in advance either through an ad hoc agreement or a

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IB0015 –  Foreign Trade of India

 

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ASSIGNMENT

 

 

 

DRIVE WINETR SPRING 2014
PROGRAM MBADS (SEM 4/SEM 6)MBAFLEX/ MBAN2 (SEM 4)PGDIB (SEM 2)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME IB0015- Foreign Trade of India
SEMESTER 4
BK ID B1908
CREDITS 4
MARKS 60

 

 

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

 

1 Give a brief overview of India’s foreign trade since independence.

 

Answer : India has formal diplomatic relations with most nations; it is the world’s second most populous country, the world’s most-populous democracy and one of the fastest growing major economies. With the world’s eighth largest military expenditure, third largest armed force, tenth largest economy by nominal rates and third largest economy in terms of purchasing power parity, India is a regional power,a nascent great power and a potential superpower. India’s growing international influence gives it a prominent voice in global affairs. The Economist magazine argues, however, that underinvestment in

 

 

 

 

2 What is the role of services exports in recent years in India’s composition of trade? Discuss.

 

Answer : Role of services exports in recent years in India’s composition of trade

Foreign Trade is one of the significant macro fundamental variable of an economy. India till recently was predominantly a primary goods exporting and mainly an industrial goods importing country.

In 1950s, India’s share in the world trade was 1.78% which was decline to 0.59% in 1990 and continues to remain around 0.60% till now. India’s share in world exports was 0.8% in 2006.

 

A. Composition of India’s Exports

 

 

 

3 Discuss the salient features of Foreign Trade Policy 2009-14.

Answer : The foreign trade policy 2009- 14 was announced by the union commerce minister on August 27, 2009.The new Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) takes an integrated view of the overall development of India’s foreign trade and goes beyond the traditional focus on pure exports.

This would be clear from the following statement in the policy document, “Trade is not an end in itself, but a means to economic growth and rational development. The primary purpose is not the mere earning of foreign exchange, but the stimulation of greater economic activity.”

 

The government unveiled a mix of procedural measures and fiscal incentives to trade with non- traditional destinations to bolster export order books drying out in two top regional markets-the US and the European Union.

 

 

4 Write short notes on:

 

a. Export promotion councils

 

Answer : The basic objective of Export Promotion Councils is to promote and develop the exports of the country. Each Council is responsible for the promotion of a particular group of products, projects and services. The list of Export Promotion Councils (EPCs) and specified Agencies/ Boards which shall be regarded as EPCs are given in Appendix — 31 of the Handbook

 

The main role of the EPCs is to project India’s image abroad as a reliable supplier of high quality goods and services. In particular, the EPCs shall encourage and monitor the observance of international standards and specifications by

 

b. India Trade Promotion organization

 

Answer : India Trade Promotion Organisation (ITPO) is synonymous with the country’s trade promotion around the world all round the year. Indeed at ITPO, the promotion of trade is an exacting mission, translating into a search for new frontiers and new horizons in the world of commercial interactions, both at macro and micro levels. A mission that finds expression in the successful organisation of trade exhibitions in India and abroad, buyer-seller meets, promotion through department stores, contact promotion

 

 

5 What are Special Economic Zones? Write one sentence each on any 5 SEZs in India.

 

Answer : A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a geographical region that has economic laws that are more liberal than a country’s typical economic laws. The category ‘SEZ’ covers a broad range of more specific zone types, including Free Trade Zones (FTZ), Export processing zones (EPZ), Free Zones (FZ), Industrial Estates (IE), Free ports, Urban Enterprise Zones and others. Usually the goal of a structure is to increase foreign direct investment by foreign investors, typically an international business or a Multi National Corporation (MNC).

 

 

 

 

6 What is the need and role of Focus Market Scheme? Discuss in detail.

Answer : Focus Market Scheme

The objective of the Focus Market Scheme is to offset the high freight cost and other disabilities to select international markets with a view to enhance our export competitiveness to these countries.

 

Exports of all products to the notified countries shall be entitled for duty credit scrip equivalent to 2.5% of the FOB value of exports for each licensing year commencing from 1st April, 2006. The scrip and the items imported against it would be freely

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